Designing A Public Building劍橋雅思11-聽力原文翻譯及答案解析

一、Designing A Public Building聽力原文：

We've been discussing the factors the architect has to consider when designing domestic buildings.

I'm going to move on now to consider the design of public buildings,and I'll illustrate this by referring to the new Taylor Concert Hall that's recently been completed here in the city.

So,as with a domestic building,when designing a public building,an architect needs to consider the function of the building-for example,is it to be used primarily for entertainment,or for education,or for administration?

The second thing the architect needs to think about is the context of the building,this includes its physical location,obviously,but it also includes the social meaning of the building,how it relates to the people it's built for.

And finally,for important public buildings,the architect may also be looking for a central symbolic idea on which to base the design,a sort of metaphor for the building and the way in which it is used.

Let's look at the new Taylor Concert Hall in relation to these ideas.

The location chosen was a site in a run-down district that has been ignored in previous redevelopment plans.

It was occupied by a factory that had been empty for some years.

The whole area was some distance from the high-rise office blocks of the central business district and shopping centre,but it was only one kilometre from the ring road.

The site itself was bordered to the north by a canal which had once been used by boats bringing in raw materials when the area was used for manufacturing.

The architect chosen for the project was Tom Harrison.

He found the main design challenge was the location of the site in an area that had no neighbouring buildings of any importance.

To reflect the fact that the significance of the building in this quite run-down location was as yet unknown,he decided to create a building centred around the idea of a mystery-something whose meaning still has to be discovered.

So how was this reflected in the design of the building?

Well,Harrison decided to create pedestrian access to the building and to make use of the presence of water on the site.

As people approach the entrance,they therefore have to cross over a bridge.

He wanted to give people a feeling of suspense as they see the building first from a distance,and then close-up,and the initial impression he wanted to create from the shape of the building as a whole was that of a box.

The first side that people see,the southern wall,is just a high,flat wall uninterrupted by any windows.

This might sound off-putting,but it supports Harrison's concept of the building-that the person approaching is intrigued and wonders what will be inside.

And this flat wall also has another purpose.

At night-time,projectors are switched on and it functions as a huge screen,onto which images are projected.

The auditorium itself seats 1500 people.

The floor's supported by ten massive pads.

These are constructed from rubber,and so are able to absorb any vibrations from outside and prevent them from affecting the auditorium.

The walls are made of several layers of honey-coloured wood,all sourced from local beech trees.

In order to improve the acoustic properties of the auditorium and to amplify the sound,they are not straight,they are curved.

The acoustics are also adjustable according to the size of orchestra and the type of music being played.

In order to achieve this,there are nine movable panels in the ceiling above the orchestra which are all individually motorized,and the walls also have curtains which can be opened or closed to change the acoustics.

The reaction of the public to the new building has generally been positive.

However,the evaluation of some critics has been less enthusiastic.

In spite of Harrison's efforts to use local materials,they criticise the style of the design as being international rather than local,and say it doesn't reflect features of the landscape or society for which it is built.

二、Designing A Public Building聽力中文翻譯：

我們一直在討論建筑師在設計住宅建筑時必須考慮的因素。

我現在將繼續考慮公共建筑的設計，我將以最近在該市竣工的新泰勒音樂廳來說明這一點。

因此，與住宅建筑一樣，建筑師在設計公共建筑時需要考慮建筑的功能，例如，它主要用于娛樂、教育還是行政管理？

建筑師需要考慮的第二件事是建筑的背景，這顯然包括它的物理位置，但它也包括建筑的社會意義，它與建筑所面向的人的關系。

最后，對于重要的公共建筑，建筑師可能也在尋找一個核心的象征性想法，作為設計的基礎，一種對建筑及其使用方式的隱喻。

讓我們看看與這些想法相關的新泰勒音樂廳。

選擇的地點位于一個破舊的地區，在以前的重建計劃中被忽視。

它被一家空了幾年的工廠所占據。

整個區域距離中央商務區和購物中心的高層辦公樓有一段距離，但距離環城路只有一公里。

該場地北面與一條運河接壤，該運河曾被船只用來運輸原材料，當時該地區用于制造業。

被選為這個項目的建筑師是湯姆·哈里森。

他發現，主要的設計挑戰是該場地的位置，該區域沒有任何重要的相鄰建筑。

為了反映這樣一個事實，即這座建筑在這個相當破舊的位置上的意義尚不可知，他決定以神秘的概念為中心創建一座建筑——其意義仍有待發現。

那么這是如何反映在建筑設計中的呢？

哈里森決定修建通往大樓的步行通道，并利用現場的水資源。

當人們接近入口時，他們必須跨過一座橋。

他想給人們一種懸念的感覺，因為他們首先從遠處看到這座建筑，然后是特寫，他想從整個建筑的形狀中創造出的最初印象是一個盒子。

人們看到的第一面墻，南墻，只是一堵高而平的墻，沒有窗戶。

這聽起來可能令人不快，但它支持哈里森的建筑概念——走近的人很好奇，想知道里面會有什么。

這面平墻還有另一個用途。

在夜間，投影儀被打開，它就像一個巨大的屏幕，圖像被投影到屏幕上。

禮堂本身可容納1500人。

地板由十塊巨大的墊子支撐著。

這些都是由橡膠制成的，因此能夠吸收來自外部的任何振動，防止它們影響禮堂。

墻壁由幾層蜂蜜色的木材制成，全部來自當地的山毛櫸樹。

為了改善禮堂的聲學性能并放大聲音，它們不是直的，而是彎曲的。

音響效果也可以根據管弦樂隊的規模和演奏的音樂類型進行調整。

為了實現這一點，樂團上方的天花板上有九塊可移動的面板，都是單獨機動的，墻壁上也有窗簾，可以打開或關閉以改變音響效果。

公眾對這座新大樓的反應總體上是積極的。

然而，一些評論家的評價卻不那么熱情。

盡管哈里森努力使用當地材料，但他們批評該設計風格是國際性的，而非地方性的，并表示它沒有反映出建筑所處的景觀或社會特征。

三、Designing A Public Building聽力問題：

Question 31-40

Complete the notes below.

Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer.DESIGNING A PUBLIC BUILDING:

THE TAYLOR CONCERT HALL

Introduction

The designer of a public building may need to consider the building's

·function

·physical and context

·symbolic meaning

Location and concept of the Concert Hall

On the site of a disused

Beside a

The design is based on the concept of a mystery

Building design

It's approached by a for pedestrians

The building is the shape of a

One exterior wall acts as a large

In the auditorium:

·the floor is built on huge pads made of

·the walls are made of local wood and are in shape

·ceiling panels and on walls allow adjustment of acoustics

Evaluation

Some critics say the style of the building is inappropriate

四、Designing A Public Building聽力答案：

31.social

32.factory

33.canal

34.bridge

35.box

36.screen

37.rubber

38.curved

39.curtains

40.international

五、Designing A Public Building聽力答案解析

social。題目為并列結構，并列連詞and前為physical，可以作為關鍵定位詞，同時可以判斷該空格需要填寫形容詞。錄音中提到physical location即可確定題目位置，接著后面提到also includes the social meaning，其中also為and的同義替換，故確定social為答案。factory。根據筆記中項目分類可斷定location and concept為題目定位詞，空格前出現了on the site of a disused可確定本空格填可數名詞單數，site,disused為關鍵定位詞。錄音中提到The location chosen was a site…即可確定題目位置。后面提到...occupied by a factory that had been empty for some years，其中empty for some years與disused為同義替換，故確定factory為答案。canal。空格前出現beside a…確定需要填寫可數名詞單數，beside為關鍵定位詞。錄音提到was bordered to the north by a canal，其中be bordered to與beside為同義替換，故確定canal為答案。bridge。空格前后出現approached by a…和pedestrians，確定答案為可數名詞單數，pedestrians為關鍵定位詞。錄音中提到people approach the entrance，people與pedestrians為同義替換，可以確定題目位置，接著提到cross over the bridge。確定bridge為答案。box。通過審題可知，shape為關鍵定位詞，答案為可數名詞單數。錄音中提到create from the shape of….was that of a box。故確定box為答案。但要注意的是，原文中as a whole為固定搭配，whole為答案干擾信息，需要考生注意。screen。通過審題可知，exterior wall,a large…為關鍵定位詞，答案為可數名詞單數。錄音中提到this flat wall，確定題目位置，接著提到it functions as a huge screen，其中function as與act as為同義替換，huge與large為同義替換，故確定答案為screen。rubber。通過審題可知pads made of為關鍵定位詞，本空格需要填寫材料類名詞。錄音中提到ten massive pads，確定題目位置。接著提到…constructed from rubber，constructed from與made of為同義替換，故確定rubber為答案。curved。題目為并列結構，local wood,shape為關鍵定位詞，本空格需要填寫動詞被動形式。錄音中提到honey-coloured wood,….local beech trees，確定題目位置，后文提到they are curved，確定curved為答案。curtains。題目為并列結構，celling panels為關鍵定位詞，本空格需要填寫名詞。錄音中提到movable panels in the celling，確定題目位置。接著提到…also have curtains，確定curtains為答案。本題需要注意答案為復數，避免錯聽。international。通過審題可知，critics,style為關鍵定位詞，答案為形容詞。錄音中提到critics，確定題目位置，后面提到they criticise the style of…being international，確定international為答案。注意錄音中提到rather than local，其中rather than意為“而不是”，故local不是答案。

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