GRE考試與物理相關的詞匯

很多同學都很關注GRE考試與物理相關的詞匯這個問題，那么接下來就跟著中國教育在線小編一起來看看吧，相信你通過以下的文章內容就會有更深入的了解。

Heat Conduction熱傳導

原文：When a substance is heated, heat is passed from its hotter part to its cooler part. This way of passing heat is called conduction. Metals conduct heat easily. They are good conductors. Non-metals, such as wood, glass and plastic cannot conduct heat easily. They are bad conductors.

翻譯：物質受熱時，熱量從溫度高的地方向溫度低的地方傳遞。這種熱的傳遞方式叫傳導。金屬容易導熱，是良好的導體。非金屬，如木頭、玻璃、塑料，不易導熱，不是良好的導體。

講解：上文中，substance是指物質，物質也可以用matter來表示。Conduct是傳遞、傳導的意思，做動詞時重音在后，讀作/ k?n?d?kt/，conduct的名詞形式是conduction，導體為conductor。導熱，可以說heat conduction，也可以用passing heat來表達。

Travel of Sound聲音的傳播

原文：Sound is produced when things vibrate, like beating a drum or beating a guitar.Sound has to travel through solid, liquid or air to ears. When the sound is blocked by other things, it become less loud and clear. Sound travels better through liquid that through air. It travels best through solid.

翻譯：聲音是通過震動產生的，例如敲鼓或彈吉他。聲音通過固體、液體或空氣傳入耳朵。當聲音被其他物質阻擋時，聲音會變小、變得不清晰。聲音在液體中傳播比在氣體中傳播快，在固體中傳播最快。

講解：travel除了指旅行，也可以表示傳播，例如travel of sound聲音的傳播, travel of light光的傳播。第一句sound is produced when things vibrate是一個被動句，由be produced構成被動結構;這句話中，vibrate的意思是震動。這段中三個關鍵詞為solid固體，liquid液體和air空氣。

Refraction of light光的折射

原文：Air, water and glass can let light pass through. They are called medium. When light passes from one medium to another, such as from water to air, its direction changes. This is called the refraction of light. The words under thick glass look higher up. The chopstick dipped into water looks bent. The rainbow looks curved. These are some examples of light refraction.

翻譯：空氣、水和玻璃可以使光通過，他們叫做介質。當光從一種介質傳播到另一種介質，例如從水射入空氣，方向會發生變化，這一現象叫光的折射。厚玻璃下面的字看起來更高。浸入水中的筷子看起來彎曲。彩虹是彎的。這些都是光的折射。

講解：medium是介質的意思，介質是指能夠傳播能量的載體。Dip，浸蘸。Curve用作名詞是曲線的意思，curved為形容詞，彎曲的。

以上一些例子中，句子大多為簡單句，語言并不算難。我們可以看到，一些常見的詞匯，例如medium媒介，在物理學科中就成為了專有名詞。如果有相關的物理背景知識，還是很好理解的。有很多我們日常生活中認識的詞匯，在科學背景的材料中似乎就變得難以理解了。這是因為我們欠缺相關的專業知識，不知道這個詞在這樣的語境下是什么意思。為了避免這種情況，需要多積累廣泛的背景知識，并在學習的時候充分調動起來。

物理學科其他常用詞匯：

力force

速度velocity

熱heat

溫度temperature

固體solid

液體liquid

氣體gas

晶體crystal

熔點melting point

凝固點solidifying point

汽化vaporization

蒸發evaporation

沸騰boiling

液化liquefaction

升華sublimation

凝華condensation

熱傳遞heat transfer

熱傳導heat conduction

熱對流heat convection

熱輻射heat radiation

吸收absorb(v.)

放出release(v.)

玻璃glass

磁體magnet

重力gravity

浮力buoyancy force

電electricity

正極positive plate

負極negative plate

電壓voltage

伏特Volt

摩擦起電electrification by friction

電路electric circuit

電源power source

導線wire

電鍵/開關key(switch)

電流electric current

燈泡light bulb

試管test tube

漏斗filter funnel

燒杯 beaker

量杯 graduated cylinder

GRE考試的高頻詞匯

waft scent, waving movement; carry lightly through

wage payment, carry on, engage in (war)

warmonger person who stirs up war

warrant authority, written order, guarantee

wary cautious

weave make (threads) into cloth

weigh measure hoe heavy smth is

whimsical full of odd and fanciful ideas

wince show bodily or mental pain

perfidy treachery; breaking of faith

perfunctory done as a duty withour care

perjury wilful fasle statement, unlawful act

pernicious harmful, injurious

persevere keep on steadily, continue

pertain belong as a part, have reference

pest destructive thing or a person who is nuisance

petulant unreasonably impatient

pied of mixed colors

pinch be too tight, take between the thumb and finger

pious dutifull to parents; devoted to religion

pique hirt the pride or self-respect, stir (curiosity)

pitfall covered hole as a trap, unsuspected danger

pith essential part, force, soft liquid substance

placate soothe, pacify, calm

plaque flat metal on a wall as a memorial

plea request

plead address a court of law as an advocate

plethora glut

pliant pliable, easile bent, shaped or twisted

plod continue doing smth without resting

pluck pull the feathers off, pick (eg. flowers)

plummet fall, plunge, stee*

plunge move quickly, suddenly and with force

poise be ready, be balanced, self-possession

ponderous heavy, bulky, dull

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